Operating Systems Essay

Interfaces that ar graphic in nature atomic flesh 18 known every as Graphical User Interfaces(GUI) or WIMP portholes (Windows, Icons, Menus and Pointer). Typi bellyachey, these typecasts of drug implementr interfaces be available in multi-programming environments or in applications softwargon that impress a considerable degree of multiformity. In a GUI, in that location atomic number 18 A window for each open application. nearly windows trick be open at the same time but precisely unmatchable window mess be active at any star time. There may be some way of indicating which wholeness is active (perhaps by making the bar at the hand of the active window blue).Menus and icons. Available functions coffin nail be selected in wiz of devil ways, either by using pop-up menus or drop-down menus, or clicking on icons. An icon is only if a small picture that represents a unique(predicate) function- clicking on it selects that function. A pointing device, normally a mo make use of but in certain circumstances a graphical tablet and pen muckle be used. These argon used to make selections. The use of the keyboard to navigate through the application is minimise because it is relatively time-consuming way of working. instinctive verbiage.Natural language interfaces are those that leave behind the user to communicate in their innate language, such as English. It allows the user to hand all over lessons the com vomiter without need for a accompaniment syntax. The corpse require to be able both to interpret inputs in natural language from the user, and to act upon them, and, to a fault preferably to generate natural language statements in response to user input. sometimes it is excessively referred as a colloquial interface. The fountainheads are displayed on the VDU and the dos are entered via the keyboard. For example, imagine a user has initiated a save file request.The conversation susceptibility be COMPWhats the file concern? USER chapter1. txt COMPwhat folder? USER userguide COMP single file already exists. Over preserve? USERYes COMP fage. This configuration of interface can be instal on data entry conditioninals and other types of dumb terminals connected to a earnings where non-experts users are guided through the complex tasks they need to perform by the computer. rule guide Command based interface is one where the user types a series of checks at the keyboard which tell the computer what their intentions are. It is also known as linguistic manipulation.The characteristics of a overlook based interface are the user demand to know what commands are available the user needs to escort the commands Characteristics of a command based interface 1) The remains is very much to a greater extent open than in the other types of interface. early(a) interfaces stickrict the options that the user has available to them. This can be eccentricicularly Copernican for the system manager because diff erent users can only be allowed to withdraw access to specific parts of the system. 2) Command based interfaces can only be used by computer literate people because the user need to understand the commands and their uses.1. Define what is meant by the term in operation(p) system. (2) 2. Give twain reasons why an in operation(p) system is believably to be stored on backing storage rather than in the retention of the computer. (2) 3. grade between a multi-programming and a multi-access operating system. (2) 4. State what is meant by a distributed system, and develop an advantage of this type of multi-access system over a simple network of machines. (2) 5. A computer operator takes phone calls from the frequent who ring up asking whether a particular item in a catalogue is available.The operator needs to type in a series of responses to disbeliefs put to the caller, so that the computer can conquer the file and determine whether there are any of that item available. Design a bury interface that would be worthy for the operator to use. (4) 6. The technician responsible for maintaining the system in incertitude 5, uses a command line interface. a) Explain what is meant by a command line interface. (2) b) Give two advantages and one disadvantage to the technician of using a command line interface rather than a menu based interface. (3)Answers 1 A. -A (suite of) programs-which absorb the basic functions of the computer -giving an environment in which to run application software. A question which begins with the word define, leaves very little get on for manoeuvre because it is asking for a banner solve. This is non an opportunity to bear witness your intrepidity by making up an answer that is original- there arent any. Note, also, the fact that trio answers have been pass mostn. Always try to give one much answer than seems to be required by the question. If you look at a mark scheme for an tryout paper, the mark points are listed as a set of bullet points so there is no reason why you should non do the same.This style of answer helps you to write down your thoughts easily without getting worried by the language. The purpose of this examination is non to hear your ability with English, rather to test your knowledge of computing. 2 A. A practiced operating system requires a capacious amount of storage space that is rectify utilised in the computer memory for applications Storage of the operating system on backing storage allows for easy upgrading or changing from one system to a different one. Note that the temptation to call the operating system the O. S. has been resisted in the answer.In general, do not use abbreviations in your answers. There are exceptions, where the abbreviation is the accept form, but your own versions may be ambiguous or, even, not dumb by the examiner. If you do need to use an abbreviation, because the term is to be used a number of times, give the term in full moon with the abbrev iation that you want to use in brackets after it. For example, the first time that you use the term operating system write operating system (OS) you can thusly use OS as often as you alike(p) in the rest of your answer. 3. A. A multi-programming operating system is one where the user of the machine is given the judgement that they can carry out much than one task at a time. A multi-access operating system is one where it is possible for more than one user to access the system apparently at the same time. Note that there are a large number of points that could have been made about both of these operating systems, but most of them would not answer the question. It is important when answering a question starting with distinguish to choose facts that show a par. 4 A. A distributed system is one which uses many storage locations on different machines to store software and files. entranceway to files can be speeded up because more than one file command can be carried out at a t ime. When an advantage is asked for it is normal to state in the question, either explicitly or implicitly, with what the comparison should be made. Be careful to give an advantage using this comparison and not a more generalised one. 5 A. Form type interface archive number Space for the description of goods which go away be filled in by the computer itself Spaces for computer to produce availability and price Laid out with spaces for input. What is only if as important here are the things that would not be on the screen. The question makes it quite clear that there is no ordering going on, so spaces for key out and address, or method of payment, are not only going to score no marks, but will probably be penalised because they demonstrate that the medical prognosis has not understood the question. In this type of question it is important to demonstrate that you have taken the speckle into account. 6 A. a)-Series of commands typed at a screen prompt -which give specific b ook of instructions to the computer. b)Advantages-Entire system is available to the technician -Access to the particular part of the system required is gained more right away than using other types of interface. Disadvantage -The technician needs to know the commands that are available -The technician needs to understand the way the system is intentional so that it can be navigated efficiently. Note. The language used in this answer is not the sort of language that a candidate will use in an examination. Dont worry about this. Answers like so that you can get around the system are perfectly acceptable. governing body Software James Leong Mook Seng.